Effects of regular exercise on iron trafficking in cortex and muscle tissues in 5xFAD mouse model. Level of iron transporters and ferroxidase ceruloplasmin in cortex (A–C) and muscle samples (D,E) of WT and 5xFAD mice. mRNA expression of TfR, DMT1, ferroportin, and ceruloplasmin in the cortex (A) and muscle (D) was measured by qPCR. (B) Representative images of TfR levels in the cortex of WT-SED, WT-EXE, 5xFAD-SED, and 5xFAD-EXE mice. Scale bar 200 μm. (C) Percentage of immunoreactive area was quantified to measure TfR level in cortex. (E) Representative Ponceau S staining and Western blot of TfR, DMT1 and ferroportin in muscle samples and the analysis of band intensities normalized to the total proteins. All data are presented as mean ± SEM. n = 8/group. «*» genotype effect, «#» exercise effect: ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05, ###
p < 0.001, ##
p < 0.01, #
p < 0.05. General genotype/exercise effect among all groups is presented as a line with «*»/«#» sign on top, exercise effect in 5xFAD mice only is presented as a bracket with «#» sign on top, genotype effect in SED mice only is presented as a bracket with «*» sign on top.