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. 2021 Aug 16;22(16):8791. doi: 10.3390/ijms22168791

Figure 2.

Figure 2

RA enhanced ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein levels and promoted cholesterol efflux in THP-1 macrophages. THP-1 macrophages cultured under HG conditions (25 mM) for 48 h were stimulated with oxLDL (100 μg/mL) for an additional 24 h in the presence or absence of RA (1, 10, 50 and 100 µM). Cell lysates were collected to determine ABCA1 (A) and ABCG1 (B) protein levels by western blot analysis. Band densities were quantified, and relative protein levels are presented as the mean ± SD of five independent experiments. (C,D) THP-1 macrophages were labeled with cholesterol and equilibrated for 24 h in the presence or absence of RA (1, 10, 50 and 100 µM). Cholesterol efflux was evaluated in THP-1 macrophages after 6 h of incubation with ApoA1 (C) or HDL (D) as described in the Methods section. The data are presented as the mean ± SD of five independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared to the control; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 compared to the HG + oxLDL group.