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. 2021 Aug 16;22(16):8791. doi: 10.3390/ijms22168791

Figure 4.

Figure 4

RA differentially regulates ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein expression through the MAPK signaling pathway. (A) THP-1 macrophages were pretreated with the MAPK inhibitors PD98059 (an ERK inhibitor, 50 μM), SB203580 (a p38 inhibitor, 40 μM) and SP600125 (a JNK inhibitor, 5 μM) (A) for 1 h. Then, the cells were treated with RA (100 μM) for 24 h, and ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein expression levels were analyzed by western blot analysis. (B–D) THP-1 macrophages were treated with RA (100 µM) for various durations (0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 h), after which phospho-ERK1/2 (B), phospho-p38 (C) and phosphor-JNK (D) protein levels were determined by western blotting. Band densities were quantified and normalized for the loading controls β-actin or total ERK1/2, total p38 and total JNK. Relative protein levels are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 5). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared to the control; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 compared to the RA-treated group.