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. 2021 Aug 16;22(16):8791. doi: 10.3390/ijms22168791

Figure 5.

Figure 5

RA-activated PKC pathway was involved in the ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression by differentially regulating p38 and ERK1/2 but not the JNK pathway. (A) THP-1 macrophages were pretreated with GF109203X (a PKC inhibitor, 5 μM) for 30 min and then treated with RA (100) for 24 h for the determination of ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein expression by western blot analysis. (B) Cells were treated with RA (100 µM) in a time-dependent manner, and then phospho-PKC protein levels were determined by western blotting and normalized for the loading controls total PKC. (C) Cells were pretreated with GF109203X (5 µM) for 30 min and then treated with RA (100 µM) for an additional 15 min. Cell lysates were collected and phospho-PKC protein levels were determined by western blotting. (D–F) Cells were pretreated with GF109203X for 30 min and then treated with RA (100 µM) for an additional 30 min or 1 h to measure phospho-ERK1/2 protein levels or phospho-p38 and phospho-JNK protein levels, respectively, from the cell lysate by western blotting. Band densities were quantified and normalized, and relative protein levels are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 5). ** p < 0.01 compared to the control; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 compared to the RA-treated group.