Figure 7.

Simulation of an active inference agent attending an oddball paradigm. The agent is equipped with higher-level attentional states, s⁽²⁾, which modulate the precision of the likelihood mapping A⁽¹⁾. In the first half of the trial, the agent is in the ‘focused’ state, which confers a higher precision, i.e. the agent is generally more confident about how their observations map onto states. In the second half of the trial, the precision drops as the agent moves into the ‘distracted’ state. As a result, their beliefs about latent states are updated more slowly.