Table 5.
Predictors of mortality among all participants (62/570, 10.9%).
| Variables | No. (%), Mean ± SD or Median. | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Survived Patients (n = 508) |
Died Patients (n = 62) |
||
| Age (years) | 47.4 ± 10.9 | 52.2 ± 9.6 | <0.001 |
| Male gender | 279 (54.9%) | 38 (61.3) | 0.341 |
| BMI | 25.9 ± 5.6 | 26.7 ± 7.8 | 0.284 |
| Hypertensive | 33 (6.5%) | 12 (19.4%) | <0.001 * |
| IHD | 14 (2.8%) | 5 (8.1%) | 0.028 * |
| Newly discovered DM | 63 (12.4%) | 14 (22.6%) | 0.027 |
| Type of DM | |||
| Pre-existing DM | 9 (1.8%) | 3 (4.8%) | 0.012 * |
| DM type 1 | 4 (0.8%) | 3 (4.8%) | |
| DM type 2 | 50 (9.8%) | 8 (12.9%) | |
| Severe COVID-19 | 247 (48.6%) | 50 (80.6%) | <0.001 |
| FPG (mg/dL) | 103.5 ± 49.9 | 125.5 ± 100.5 | 0.179 ** |
| HbA1C | 5.4 ± 0.6 | 5.4 ± 0.6 | 0.966 |
| DKA on presentation | 2 (0.4%) | 2 (3.2%) | <0.012 * |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 11.8 ± 1.4 | 11.7 ± 1.1 | 0.455 |
| Platelets count (×103/mm3) | 192.1 ± 50.5 | 185.1 ± 51.2 | 0.305 |
| WBCs (×103/mm3) | 6.5 ± 2.6 | 5.9 ± 2.4 | 0.113 |
| Lymphocytes (×103/mm3) | 2.3 ± 1.1 | 1.2 ± 0.9 | <0.001 ** |
| Absolute lymphopenia (<1 × 103/mm3) | 116 (22.8%) | 53 (85.5%) | <0.001 * |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 36.2 ± 20.2 | 60.9 ± 36.9 | <0.001 ** |
| ESR (mm/h) | 41.4 ± 14.1 | 40.0 ± 13.4 | 0.458 |
| Serum ferritin (ng/mL) | 223.4 ± 157.2 | 338.7 ± 230.5 | <0.001 ** |
| LDH (IU/L) | 237.7 ± 75.5 | 316.2 ± 86.6 | <0.001 ** |
| D-dimer (μg/mL) | 0.9 ± 0.9 | 1.9 ± 3.1 | <0.001 ** |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 1 ± 0.3 | 1 ± 0.3 | 0.610 |
| Blood urea (mg/dL) | 36.1 ± 24.8 | 40.3 ± 30.5 | 0.367 ** |
| INR | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 0.321 |
| Serum albumin (g/dL) | 3.6 ± 0.5 | 3.6 ± 0.5 | 0.328 |
| Serum total bilirubin (g/dL) | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 0.764 ** |
| ALT (IU/L) | 34.4 ± 24.1 | 29.6 ± 19.5 | 0.269 ** |
| AST (IU/L) | 56.9 ± 38.7 | 50.2 ± 27.7 | 0.435 ** |
| Positive chest CT findings | 247 (48.6%) | 50 (80.6%) | <0.001 |
Unless otherwise indicated, data represent the mean ± SD with the range in parenthesis. No: number; SD: standard deviation; BMI: body mass index; IHD: ischemic heart disease; WBCs: white blood cells; CRP: C-reactive protein; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; IU: international unit; INR: international normalized ratio; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; CT: computerized tomography. *: Fisher’s Exact Test; **: Mann–Whitney Test.