| BBB | blood-brain barrier |
| IL | interleukin |
| MMP-9 | metalloproteinase-9 |
| MRI | magnetic resonance image |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor-α |
| ESM-1 | endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 |
| TG | trigeminal ganglia |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| NO | nitric oxide |
| CGRP | calcitonin gene-related peptide |
| CNS | central nervous system |
| ICAM-1 | intercellular adhesion molecule-1 |
| CSF | cerebral spinal fluid |
| CSD | cortical spreading depolarization |
| NTG | nitroglycerin |
| NLRP3 | leucine-rich repeat pyrin containing protein-3 |
| 5-HT | 5-hydroxytryptamine |
| MIP-1α | macrophage inflammatory protein-1α |
| CM | chronic migraine |
| MCP-1 | monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 |
| CCL5 | C–C chemokine ligand 5 |
| IL-1R1 | IL-1 receptor type 1 |