Table 1.
Baseline patient characteristics by sex
| Baseline patient characteristics | Overall (n = 1682) | Men (n = 1099) | Women (n = 583) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 76.30 (6.76) | 75.97 (6.45) | 76.94 (7.28) | 0.006 |
| Primary renal disease, n (%) | ||||
| Diabetes | 341 (20.5) | 238 ( 21.9) | 103 ( 17.9) | 0.006 |
| Glomerular disease | 152 ( 9.1) | 111 ( 10.2) | 41 ( 7.1) | |
| Tubulo-interstitial disease | 138 ( 8.3) | 76 ( 7.0) | 62 ( 10.8) | |
| Hypertension | 596 (35.8) | 378 ( 34.7) | 218 ( 37.9) | |
| Miscellaneous renal disorders | 436 (26.2) | 285 ( 26.2) | 151 ( 26.3) | |
| Weight, mean (SD), kg | 79.70 (17.16) | 83.44 (16.10) | 72.51 (16.88) | <0.001 |
| Height, mean (SD), cm | 167.57 (9.94) | 172.17 (7.86) | 158.81 (7.25) | <0.001 |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 28.42 (5.34) | 28.20 (4.81) | 28.86 (6.23) | 0.023 |
| Blood chemistry | ||||
| Albumin, mean (SD), g/dL | 37.70 (5.91) | 37.66 (5.89) | 37.78 (5.97) | 0.708 |
| Calcium, mean (SD), mmol/L | 2.24 (0.32) | 2.23 (0.32) | 2.27 (0.33) | 0.013 |
| Cholesterol, mean (SD), mmol/L | 4.53 (1.28) | 4.34 (1.17) | 4.89 (1.41) | <0.001 |
| PO4, mean (SD), mmol/L | 1.30 (0.32) | 1.30 (0.33) | 1.31 (0.30) | 0.303 |
| Potassium, mean (SD), mmol/L | 4.64 (0.61) | 4.67 (0.62) | 4.60 (0.60) | 0.037 |
| Cardiovascular | ||||
| Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mmHg | 142.85 (21.96) | 143.31 (21.61) | 141.99 (22.61) | 0.245 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD) | 73.83 (11.26) | 74.00 (11.35) | 73.49 (11.10) | 0.379 |
| Hb, mean (SD), g/dL | 0.72 (0.09) | 0.73 (0.10) | 0.71 (0.09) | <0.001 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 119 ( 9.3) | 82 ( 9.7) | 37 ( 8.4) | 0.538 |
| Ex-smoker, n (%) | 752 (63.1) | 587 ( 74.5) | 165 ( 40.8) | <0.001 |
| Renal function | ||||
| CKD-EPI, median (IQR), mL/min/1.73 m2 | 17.01 (13.79–20.11) | 16.69 (13.67–19.63) | 17.63 (14.40–21.08) | <0.001 |
| MDRD, median (IQR), mL/min/1.73 m2 | 18.57 (15.27–21.92) | 18.45 (15.05–21.62) | 18.99 (15.54–22.62) | 0.036 |
| ACR, median (IQR) | 33.67 (4.90–154.67) | 41.36 (7.47–161.10) | 19.66 (2.99–119.00) | 0.002 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| Diabetes | 693 (42) | 480 ( 44.5) | 213 ( 37.4) | 0.006 |
| Chronic heart failure | 290 (18.1) | 195 ( 18.7) | 95 ( 17.0) | 0.443 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 257 (15.7) | 171 ( 15.9) | 86 ( 15.3) | 0.781 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 279 (17.2) | 203 ( 19.2) | 76 ( 13.5) | 0.005 |
| Myocardial infarction | 287 (17.4) | 222 ( 20.6) | 65 ( 11.4) | <0.001 |
| Angina pectoris | 239 (14.7) | 178 ( 16.8) | 61 ( 10.9) | 0.002 |
| Left ventricular hypertrophy | 349 (23.7) | 244 ( 25.3) | 105 ( 20.8) | 0.062 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 297 (18.2) | 190 ( 17.9) | 107 ( 18.9) | 0.644 |
| Hypertension | 1432 (89.1) | 935 ( 89.0) | 497 ( 89.4) | 0.860 |
MDRD, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease.