| 5′ UTR | 5′ untranslated region |
| ΔF | force difference |
| ΔG | free energy |
| dsDNA | double-stranded DNA |
| E | extension |
| EF | folding extension |
| EU | unfolding extension |
| F | force |
| FDC | force–distance curve |
| FF | folding force |
| FU | unfolding force |
| IRE | iron-responsive element |
| KD | dissociation constant |
| miRNA | microRNA |
| mRNA | messenger RNA |
| pre-miRNA | pre-microRNA |
| PRF | programmed ribosomal frameshifting |
| RNAi | RNA interference |
| RT | room temperature |
| ssDNA | single-stranded DNA |
| Tm | melting temperature |
| TRAIL | tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand |
| VEGFA | vascular endothelial growth factor A |
| WT | wild type |
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