Table 1. Clinical and demographic characteristics of patient cohort of children hospitalized with acute COVID-19 or MIS-C at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta.
| COVID-19 (n = 14) | MIS-C (n = 14) | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | n | ||||
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 10.9 (7.6) | 14 | 9.1 (3.9) | 14 | 0.436 |
| Gender, female, n (%) | 8 (57%) | 14 | 7 (50%) | 14 | 0.379 |
| Race, n (%) | 0.006 | ||||
| Black | 4 (29%) | 14 | 12 (86%) | 14 | |
| White | 9 (64%) | 14 | 1 (7%) | 14 | |
| Declined | 1 (7%) | 14 | 14 | ||
| Ethnicity, n (%) | 0.065 | ||||
| Hispanic | 5 (36%) | 14 | 1 (7%) | 14 | |
| Non-Hispanic | 9 (64%) | 14 | 13 (93%) | 14 | |
| Disease Severity, n (%) | 0.002 | ||||
| Mild/moderate | 10 (71%) | 14 | 2 (14%) | 14 | |
| Severe | 4 (29%) | 14 | 12 (86%) | 14 | |
| Labs, mean (SD) | |||||
| WBC max, x103cells/μL | 11.7 (5.8) | 13 | 11.9 (6.2) | 14 | 0.932 |
| ALC min, cells/μL | 2262.9 (1703.4) | 13 | 1055.1 (673.1) | 14 | 0.021 |
| Platelets min, x103cells/μL | 262.2 (106.0) | 13 | 153.8 (84.4) | 14 | 0.007 |
| ESR max, mm/hr | 34.9 (36.2) | 7 | 53.6 (22.8) | 10 | 0.209 |
| Sodium min, mmol/L | 137.3 (2.1) | 13 | 133.1 (4.6) | 14 | 0.006 |
| Creatinine max, mg/dL | 0.6 (0.2) | 13 | 1.1 (0.7) | 14 | 0.02 |
| ALT max, U/L | 148.5 (396.6) | 13 | 71.9 (48.5) | 14 | 0.479 |
| BNP max, pg/mL | 21.5 (16.1) | 5 | 1774.1 (1260.3) | 13 | 0.008 |
| Troponin max, ng/mL | 0.015 (0.0) | 4 | 1.2 (1.7) | 10 | 0.193 |
| Ferritin max, ng/mL | 217.5 (134.2) | 10 | 1385.4 (1278.5) | 14 | 0.009 |
| CRP max, mg/dL | 6.8 (7.5) | 12 | 19.5 (10.4) | 14 | 0.002 |
| Imaging | |||||
| CXR, n (%) | |||||
| Infiltrates | 3 (33%) | 9 | 10 (83%) | 12 | 0.02 |
| Pleural effusions | 3 (33%) | 9 | 9 (75%) | 12 | 0.056 |
| Echocardiogram, n (%) | |||||
| Depressed function | 0 (0%) | 4 | 7 (50%) | 14 | 0.07 |
| Coronary artery dilation | 0 (0%) | 4 | 2 (14%) | 14 | 0.423 |
| Treatment, n (%) | |||||
| Remdesivir | 4 (29%) | 14 | 1 (7%) | 14 | 0.139 |
| IVIG | 0 (0%) | 14 | 13 (93%) | 14 | <0.001 |
| Steroids | 5 (36%) | 14 | 12 (86%) | 14 | 0.007 |
| Antiplatelet | 0 (0%) | 14 | 13 (93%) | 14 | <0.001 |
| Outcomes | |||||
| Days of hospitalization, mean (SD) | 6.1 (7.8) | 14 | 9.4 (6) | 14 | 0.221 |
| ICU admission, n (%) | 5 (36%) | 14 | 12 (86%) | 14 | 0.007 |
| Days of ICU, mean (SD) | 2.6 (5.6) | 14 | 5.8 (5) | 14 | 0.123 |
| Low-flow O2, n (%) | 5 (36%) | 14 | 11 (79%) | 14 | 0.022 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 14 | 2 (14%) | 14 | 0.142 |
| Vasopressors, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 14 | 10 (71%) | 14 | <0.001 |
| Death, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 14 | 0 (0%) | 14 | --- |
Max, maximum value obtained during the hospitalization; Min, minimum value obtained during the hospitalization; WBC, white blood cell count; ALC, absolute lymphocyte count; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CRP, C-reactive protein; CXR, chest radiograph; IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin; ICU, intensive care unit; O2, oxygen.