Table 1.
Locomotor activity circadian rhythms of P. xylostella under different light conditions.
| Condition | Phase (95% Confidence Limit) | Power | Average Rhythm Index (RI) | Phase (95% Confidence Limit) | Power | Average Rhythm Index (RI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | |||||||
| LD (4 days) | ||||||||
| 26 °C 14L:10D | 1.4 ± 1.1 | 54.2 ± 3.07 n.s. | 0.28 ± 0.02 n.s. | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 50.4 ± 3.07 | 0.26 ± 0.02 | ||
| 20 °C 14L:10D | 2.0 ± 0.6 | 70.9 ± 3.98 ** | 0.31 ± 0.02 ** | 2.4 ± 1.1 | 54.5 ± 3.36 | 0.23 ± 0.02 | ||
| 20 °C 10L:14D | 22.5 ± 0.9 | 55.9 ± 2.87 * | 0.29 ± 0.02 ** | 22.0 ± 0.3 | 50.4 ± 3.81 | 0.16 ± 0.04 | ||
| Condition | Arrhythmic Ratio | Period | Power | Average Rhythm Index (RI) | Arrhythmic Ratio | Period | Power | Average Rhythm Index (RI) |
| LD-DD or LD-LL (5–6 days) | ||||||||
| 26 °C 14L:10D-DD | 21/29 * | 24.3 ± 2.85 | 41.3 ± 6.07 * | 0.15 ± 0.01 n.s. | 33/35 | 25.8 ± 1.25 | 25.7 ± 2.58 | 0.12 ± 0.02 |
| 20 °C 14L:10D-DD | 20/38 *** | 24.0 ± 0.31 | 46.4 ± 3.80 ** | 0.19 ± 0.01 ** | 36/41 | 27.0 ± 1.81 | 37.6 ± 3.47 | 0.14 ± 0.02 |
| 20 °C 10L:14D-DD | 10/21 *** | 23.8 ± 0.28 | 36.6 ± 6.35 | 0.16 ± 0.02 ** | 20/20 | - | - | 0.10 ± 0.03 |
| 20 °C 14L:10D-LL | 20/20 | - | - | - | 16/16 | - | - | - |
Note: Period, power and arrhythmic ratio were calculated using Chi-square periodogram analysis. Individual survival at least through the data range requested were used to perform analysis, and only the rhythmic individuals were used to calculate period and power. Rhythm index was calculated using autocorrelation analysis (all survival individuals were used). Comparisons were made between males and females with a two-tailed, unpaired Student’s t-test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, n.s. no significance.