Table 2.
Multivariate analysis of predictive factors related to 7-, 30- and 90-day mortalities of all candidemia patients according to the Candida species.
| Species (No. of Isolates) and Variables 1 | 7-Day | 30-Day | 90-Day | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p-Value | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | |
| All (807) | ||||||
| Lack of antifungal therapy | 14.58 (9.77–21.76) | <0.001 | 4.71 (3.71–5.98) | <0.001 | 3.74 (3.00–4.65) | <0.001 |
| CVC placement | 2.03 (1.40–2.95) | <0.001 | 1.59 (1.21–2.08) | 0.001 | 1.54 (1.20–1.98) | 0.001 |
| Urinary catheter placement | 1.87 (1.29–2.70) | 0.001 | 1.97 (1.47–2.63) | <0.001 | 2.10 (1.61–2.74) | <0.001 |
| Candidemia due to C. tropicalis | 1.82 (1.28–2.57) | 0.001 | 1.45 (1.10–1.91) | 0.008 | 1.43 (1.11–1.84) | 0.006 |
| Severe sepsis | 1.78 (1.30–2.45) | <0.001 | 1.92 (1.49–2.46) | <0.001 | 2.04 (1.62–2.57) | <0.001 |
| Prior surgery | 0.55 (0.36–0.86) | 0.009 | - | - | - | - |
| Azole monotherapy | 0.17 (0.10–0.30) | <0.001 | 0.45 (0.33–0.60) | <0.001 | 0.50 (0.39–0.66) | <0.001 |
| Hematologic malignancies | - | - | 1.52 (1.01–2.29) | 0.04 | - | - |
| ICU admission | - | - | 1.43 (1.09–1.86) | 0.009 | 1.39 (1.09–1.76) | 0.008 |
| CVC removal | - | - | 0.64 (0.45–0.92) | 0.01 | 0.58 (0.41–0.80) | 0.001 |
| Candidemia due to C. parapsilosis | - | - | - | - | 0.62 (0.42–0.93) | 0.01 |
| C. albicans (338) | ||||||
| Lack of antifungal therapy | 17.82 (9.32–34.08) | <0.001 | 5.87 (4.02–8.56) | <0.001 | 4.76 (3.37–6.70) | <0.001 |
| CVC placement | 2.44 (1.38–4.34) | 0.002 | 2.14 (1.39–3.29) | 0.001 | 2.22 (1.50–3.28) | <0.001 |
| Urine catheter use | 1.94 (1.13–3.33) | 0.01 | 2.26 (1.48–3.44) | <0.001 | 2.45 (1.66–3.60) | <0.001 |
| Severe sepsis | - | - | 1.80 (1.22–2.67) | 0.003 | 1.95 (1.36–2.78) | <0.001 |
| Prior surgery | 0.39 (0.18–0.85) | 0.01 | - | - | - | - |
| Azole monotherapy | 0.13 (0.06–0.29) | <0.001 | 0.35 (0.23–0.55) | <0.001 | 0.42 (0.29–0.60) | <0.001 |
| CVC removal | - | - | 0.55 (0.33–0.92) | 0.02 | 0.49 (0.30–0.81) | 0.006 |
| C. tropicalis (149) | ||||||
| Lack of antifungal therapy | 8.64 (4.52–16.53) | <0.001 | 4.19 (2.54–6.89) | <0.001 | 3.65 (2.32–5.75) | <0.001 |
| CVC placement | 2.29 (1.10–4.75) | 0.02 | - | - | - | - |
| Urinary catheter placement | 2.21 (1.02–4.81) | 0.04 | 2.59 (1.45–4.61) | 0.001 | 2.95 (1.73–5.03) | <0.001 |
| Severe sepsis | - | - | 2.18 (1.29–3.67) | 0.003 | 2.39 (1.48–3.85) | <0.001 |
| Azole monotherapy | 0.35 (0.14–0.90) | 0.02 | - | - | 0.48 (0.27–0.86) | 0.01 |
| Congestive heart failure | - | - | 2.48 (1.20–5.12) | 0.01 | 2.10 (1.03–4.28) | 0.04 |
| Neutropenia | - | - | 2.17 (1.10–4.26) | 0.02 | 2.22 (1.17–4.23) | 0.01 |
| C. glabrata (147) | ||||||
| Lack of antifungal therapy | 45.86 (6.19–339.57) | <0.001 | 3.26 (1.84–5.80) | <0.001 | 2.40 (1.43–4.01) | 0.001 |
| Severe sepsis | - | - | 1.93 (1.08–3.43) | 0.02 | 2.30 (1.37–3.86) | 0.002 |
| ICU admission | 2.48 (1.11–5.51) | 0.02 | 2.15 (1.21–3.83) | 0.009 | 2.07 (1.22–3.49) | 0.007 |
| Fluconazole resistance | - | - | 2.80 (1.17–6.66) | 0.02 | 2.84 (1.28–6.33) | 0.01 |
| C. parapsilosis (111) | ||||||
| Lack of antifungal therapy | 36.30 (4.28–307.86) | 0.001 | 9.18 (2.75–30.61) | <0.001 | 4.72 (1.51–14.76) | 0.008 |
| Urinary catheter placement | - | - | - | - | 4.35 (1.13–16.71) | 0.03 |
| Azole monotherapy | 0.05 (0.01–0.43) | 0.006 | 0.28 (0.10–0.84) | 0.02 | - | - |
| ICU admission | 11.54 (1.38–96.67) | 0.02 | 6.93 (1.84–26.09) | 0.004 | 6.06 (1.92–19.17) | 0.002 |
| CVC removal | - | - | - | - | 0.27 (0.08–0.88) | 0.02 |
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; ICU, intensive care unit; CVC, central venous catheter. 1 Only the variables that were statistically significant (p < 0.05) are listed. The results of univariate analysis are listed in Supplementary Table S1 (A–E).