Table 3.

Multivariate analysis of predictive factors related to 7-, 30- and 90-day mortalities of patients with ICUAC and non-ICUAC by the four common Candida species.

Species (No. of Isolates) and Variables 1	Setting	7-Day		30-Day		90-Day
		OR (95% CI)	p-Value	OR (95% CI)	p-Value	OR (95% CI)	p-Value
C. albicans (ICU 147; non-ICU 191)
Lack of antifungal therapy	ICUAC	18.33 (7.65–43.92)	<0.001	6.90 (4.12–11.57)	<0.001	5.47 (3.42–8.75)	<0.001
	Non-ICUAC 2	34.64 (7.86–152.68)	<0.001	10.49 (4.68–23.51)	<0.001	3.97 (2.32–6.79)	<0.001
CVC placement	ICUAC	-	-	-	-	1.86 (1.01–3.43)	0.04
	Non-ICUAC	-	-	-	-	2.05 (1.20–3.51)	0.009
Urinary catheter placement	ICUAC	-	-	2.56 (1.25–5.24)	0.01	3.28 (1.65–6.51)	0.001
	Non-ICUAC	-	-	2.71 (1.25–5.84)	0.03	1.79 (1.07–2.99)	0.02
Severe sepsis	ICUAC	-	-	1.69 (1.04–2.75)	0.03	1.62 (1.03–2.56)	0.03
	Non-ICUAC	-	-	-	-	2.57 (1.49–4.43)	0.001
Prior surgery	ICUAC	0.40 (0.17–0.96)	0.04	-	-	-	-
Azole monotherapy	ICUAC	0.11 (0.03–0.35)	<0.001	0.27 (0.14–0.52)	<0.001	0.33 (0.19–0.59)	<0.001
	Non-ICUAC	0.06 (0.01–0.44)	0.006	0.26 (0.11–0.62)	0.002	0.46 (0.27–0.77)	0.004
CVC removal	ICUAC	-	-	-	-	0.49 (0.27–0.88)	0.01
	Non-ICUAC	-	-	-	-	0.34 (0.15–0.80)	0.01
C. tropicalis (ICU 83; non-ICU 66)
Lack of antifungal therapy	ICUAC	10.52 (3.91–28.25)	<0.001	4.01 (2.15–7.47)	<0.001	3.79 (2.14–6.74)	<0.001
	Non-ICUAC	7.74 (2.59–23.17)	<0.001	4.54 (1.87–11.00)	0.001	6.02 (2.45–14.81)	<0.001
Severe sepsis	ICUAC	-	-	2.71 (1.42–5.19)	0.004	2.16 (1.14–4.11)	0.002
Congestive heart failure	ICUAC	3.93 (1.17–13.15)	0.02	3.53 (1.43–8.69)	0.006	3.16 (1.31–7.63)	0.01
Neutropenia	ICUAC	-	-	2.50 (1.06–5.88)	0.03	2.50 (1.09–5.73)	0.01
Azole monotherapy	ICUAC	-	-	0.21 (0.08–0.59)	0.003	0.20 (0.08–0.46)	0.03
C. glabrata (ICU 58; non-ICU 89)
Lack of antifungal therapy	ICUAC	21.30 (2.79–162.83)	0.003	2.72 (1.12–6.62)	0.02	3.41 (1.59–7.32)	0.002
	Non-ICUAC	-	-	5.02 (1.82–13.88)	0.002	-	-
Urinary catheter placement	ICUAC	-	-	6.81 (1.71–27.06)	0.006	-	-
Solid tumor	ICUAC	3.64 (1.38–9.57)	0.009	2.86 (1.23–6.70)	0.01	-	-
Chronic kidney disease	ICUAC	-	-	4.05 (1.45–11.31)	0.007	-	-
Fluconazole resistance	ICUAC	-	-	-	-	5.14 (1.80–14.65)	0.002
C. parapsilosis (ICU 49; non-ICU 62)
Lack of antifungal therapy	ICUAC	-	-	22.77 (4.17–124.26)	<0.001	12.90 (4.16–39.98)	<0.001
Urinary catheter placement	ICUAC	-	-	-	-	4.81 (1.25–18.48)	0.02
Azole monotherapy	ICUAC	-	-	0.13 (0.03–0.50)	0.003	0.19 (0.06–0.55)	0.002
Male	ICUAC	0.26 (0.07–0.95)	0.04	-	-	-	-
Old age (≥65 yrs)	ICUAC	9.96 (1.25–79.60)	0.03	-	-	-	-

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; ICUAC, intensive care unit-associated candidemia; CVC, central venous catheter. ¹ Only the variables that were statistically significant (p < 0.05) are listed. The results of univariate analysis are listed in Supplementary Table S2 (A–D). ² Only mortality-predictive factors of non-ICUAC that were commonly found in both ICUAC and non-ICUAC are listed here. All independent predictive factors related to 7-, 30-, and 90-day mortalities of non-ICUAC are listed in Supplementary Table S3.