Table 1.
Sample descriptive information and univariate analysis results*
| Variable |
Total (Percent) |
Incidence of myopic symptoms (Yes = 1, No = 0) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Count
|
Percent
|
P-value
|
||
| Incidence of myopic symptoms: | ||||
| Yes |
39.2 |
1536 |
- |
- |
| No |
60.8 |
2382 |
- |
- |
| Sex:† | ||||
| Female |
52.9 |
774 |
41.9 |
0.001 |
| Male |
47.1 |
762 |
36.8 |
|
| Level of study:† | ||||
| Primary |
57.0 |
711 |
31.8 |
<0.001 |
| Secondary |
29.9 |
647 |
55.3 |
|
| University |
13.1 |
178 |
34.7 |
|
| Location of residence:† | ||||
| Rural |
15.7 |
238 |
38.7 |
<0.001 |
| Urban-rural |
10.0 |
113 |
28.8 |
|
| Urban |
74.3 |
1185 |
40.7 |
|
| Pre-pandemic myopia condition:† | ||||
| Yes |
57.8 |
943 |
57.1 |
<0.001 |
| No |
42.2 |
593 |
26.2 |
|
| Daily digital device use, unweighted hours (mean, s.d.)‡ |
3.91, 2.33 |
mean (1)–mean (0) = 1.54 |
<0.001 |
|
| Daily Digital Device Use, near-view weighted hours (mean, SD)‡ |
14.29, 10.9 |
mean (1)–mean (0) = = 5.99 |
<0.001 |
|
| Daily Digital Device Use, blue-light weighted hours (mean, SD)‡ |
0.84, 0.55 |
mean (1)–mean (0) = 0.34 |
<0.001 |
|
| Psychosocial stress:† | ||||
| Stressful |
21.6 |
510 |
60.4 |
<0.001 |
| Relaxed |
11.7 |
100 |
21.8 |
|
| Indifferent | 66.7 | 926 | 35.4 | |
SD – standard deviation
*In the first analytic stage, we report a series of bivariate associations between subjects’ background information and vision condition during the COVID-19 school-closures using univariate analysis.
†P-value based on χ2 test.
‡P-value based on t test.