Table 3.

Prevalence of fever across wealth quartiles in first and most recent survey year by country*

	Year	WQ 1	WQ 2	WQ 3	WQ 4	Diff	Ratio
Benin	1996	0.341 (0.331 to 0.352)	0.352 (0.339 to 0.364)	0.335 (0.321 to 0.349)	0.301 (0.284 to 0.318)	0.040	1.133
	2017	0.210 (0.209 to 0.212)	0.218 (0.216 to 0.220)	0.205 (0.203 to 0.207)	0.158 (0.156 to 0.160)	0.052	1.328
Burkina Faso	1998	0.370 (0.367 to 0.373)	0.368 (0.365 to 0.371)	0.370 (0.367 to 0.374)	0.359 (0.355 to 0.363)	0.011	1.031
	2010	0.212 (0.210 to 0.214)	0.210 (0.208 to 0.212)	0.213 (0.211 to 0.214)	0.203 (0.200 to 0.205)	0.009	1.046
Cameroon	1998	0.190 (0.182 to 0.199)	0.202 (0.191 to 0.213)	0.197 (0.188 to 0.205)	0.185 (0.177 to 0.193)	0.005	1.028
	2014	0.256 (0.254 to 0.259)	0.269 (0.267 to 0.272)	0.249 (0.246 to 0.252)	0.239 (0.237 to 0.242)	0.017	1.071
Central African Republic	2000	0.331 (0.329 to 0.334)	0.311 (0.309 to 0.314)	0.311 (0.306 to 0.316)	0.316 (0.314 to 0.319)	0.015	1.048
	2010	0.335 (0.333 to 0.337)	0.312 (0.309 to 0.314)	0.314 (0.311 to 0.316)	0.323 (0.320 to 0.325)	0.012	1.038
Chad	1996	0.327 (0.324 to 0.331)	0.311 (0.307 to 0.316)	0.343 (0.338 to 0.348)
	2014	0.238 (0.235 to 0.242)	0.249 (0.246 to 0.252)	0.238 (0.234 to 0.241)	0.249 (0.246 to 0.252)	-0.011	0.956
Congo	2005	0.264 (0.261 to 0.267)	0.233 (0.230 to 0.236)	0.245 (0.242 to 0.248)	0.226 (0.222 to 0.229)	0.039	1.172
	2014	0.321 (0.319 to 0.323)	0.289 (0.287 to 0.291)	0.304 (0.301 to 0.306)	0.285 (0.281 to 0.288)	0.036	1.127
Congo Democratic Republic	2001	0.389 (0.384 to 0.394)	0.418 (0.415 to 0.421)	0.419 (0.418 to 0.421)
	2013	0.307 (0.305 to 0.309)	0.318 (0.316 to 0.320)	0.317 (0.315 to 0.319)	0.271 (0.269 to 0.274)	0.036	1.131
Cote d'Ivoire	1998	0.389 (0.382 to 0.396)	0.404 (0.398 to 0.411)	0.363 (0.352 to 0.374)	0.358 (0.350 to 0.365)	0.031	1.088
	2016	0.278 (0.276 to 0.280)	0.294 (0.291 to 0.296)	0.256 (0.253 to 0.258)	0.243 (0.239 to 0.247)	0.035	1.142
Gabon	2000	0.313 (0.308 to 0.317)	0.307 (0.301 to 0.312)	0.334 (0.328 to 0.340)	0.316 (0.311 to 0.322)	-0.004	0.988
	2012	0.254 (0.249 to 0.259)	0.244 (0.241 to 0.248)	0.260 (0.252 to 0.268)	0.249 (0.243 to 0.256)	0.004	1.017
Gambia	2000	0.143 (0.141 to 0.145)	0.149 (0.147 to 0.150)	0.139 (0.137 to 0.141)	0.148 (0.145 to 0.150)	-0.005	0.969
	2013	0.119 (0.118 to 0.120)	0.123 (0.122 to 0.125)	0.117 (0.116 to 0.118)	0.124 (0.122 to 0.126)	-0.005	0.958
Ghana	1998	0.293 (0.291 to 0.296)	0.281 (0.278 to 0.285)	0.272 (0.268 to 0.277)	0.236 (0.232 to 0.240)	0.058	1.245
	2014	0.165 (0.163 to 0.167)	0.145 (0.142 to 0.148)	0.139 (0.135 to 0.142)	0.100 (0.096 to 0.104)	0.065	1.654
Guinea	1999	0.452 (0.448 to 0.457)	0.445 (0.440 to 0.449)	0.430 (0.425 to 0.436)	0.393 (0.388 to 0.399)	0.059	1.150
	2016	0.216 (0.213 to 0.219)	0.203 (0.200 to 0.206)	0.190 (0.186 to 0.193)	0.150 (0.145 to 0.154)	0.067	1.446
Guinea-Bissau	2006	0.128 (0.126 to 0.130)	0.116 (0.113 to 0.119)	0.140 (0.135 to 0.145)	0.154 (0.150 to 0.158)	-0.026	0.829
	2014	0.149 (0.147 to 0.151)	0.145 (0.142 to 0.147)	0.171 (0.167 to 0.174)	0.179 (0.176 to 0.182)	-0.030	0.834
Liberia	2006	0.318 (0.313 to 0.323)	0.331 (0.326 to 0.337)	0.355 (0.351 to 0.358)	0.325 (0.319 to 0.330)	-0.007	0.980
	2013	0.289 (0.287 to 0.292)	0.297 (0.294 to 0.300)	0.317 (0.312 to 0.322)	0.289 (0.283 to 0.295)	-0.000	1.000
Mali	1995	0.251 (0.244 to 0.258)	0.251 (0.243 to 0.259)	0.253 (0.245 to 0.260)	0.233 (0.226 to 0.239)	0.019	1.080
	2015	0.161 (0.160 to 0.162)	0.159 (0.158 to 0.161)	0.156 (0.155 to 0.157)	0.127 (0.126 to 0.129)	0.034	1.265
Mauritania	2007	0.181 (0.179 to 0.182)	0.170 (0.168 to 0.171)	0.160 (0.158 to 0.161)	0.161 (0.159 to 0.162)	0.020	1.125
	2015	0.207 (0.206 to 0.209)	0.197 (0.195 to 0.198)	0.184 (0.183 to 0.186)	0.183 (0.181 to 0.186)	0.024	1.131
Niger	1998	0.339 (0.330 to 0.347)	0.331 (0.323 to 0.340)	0.285 (0.277 to 0.294)
	2012	0.167 (0.166 to 0.169)	0.153 (0.151 to 0.154)	0.154 (0.151 to 0.156)	0.108 (0.104 to 0.111)	0.060	1.556
Nigeria	1999	0.194 (0.187 to 0.201)	0.189 (0.181 to 0.198)	0.189 (0.183 to 0.196)	0.157 (0.149 to 0.165)	0.037	1.233
	2013	0.155 (0.154 to 0.157)	0.138 (0.136 to 0.139)	0.119 (0.118 to 0.121)	0.078 (0.077 to 0.080)	0.077	1.981
Sao Tome and Principe	2000	0.266 (0.258 to 0.274)	0.276 (0.267 to 0.285)	0.258 (0.250 to 0.265)	0.261 (0.251 to 0.272)	0.004	1.017
	2014	0.274 (0.266 to 0.281)	0.269 (0.263 to 0.275)	0.258 (0.250 to 0.265)	0.279 (0.270 to 0.287)	-0.005	0.982
Senegal	2000	0.207 (0.201 to 0.212)	0.197 (0.191 to 0.202)	0.212 (0.206 to 0.217)	0.201 (0.195 to 0.206)	0.006	1.030
	2017	0.213 (0.212 to 0.214)	0.194 (0.192 to 0.196)	0.209 (0.206 to 0.212)	0.198 (0.195 to 0.201)	0.015	1.077
Sierra Leone	2000	0.468 (0.463 to 0.472)	0.489 (0.486 to 0.493)	0.478 (0.474 to 0.481)	0.474 (0.465 to 0.482)	-0.006	0.987
	2017	0.202 (0.200 to 0.203)	0.219 (0.217 to 0.220)	0.210 (0.208 to 0.211)	0.204 (0.202 to 0.206)	-0.003	0.987
Togo	1998	0.260 (0.253 to 0.267)	0.241 (0.233 to 0.249)	0.223 (0.211 to 0.236)	0.196 (0.187 to 0.204)	0.064	1.329
	2013	0.265 (0.263 to 0.267)	0.241 (0.238 to 0.243)	0.203 (0.200 to 0.206)	0.155 (0.153 to 0.158)	0.110	1.705

*Note: Predicted prevalence of fever across wealth quartiles for each country in the first and most recent survey. Predicted prevalence is calculated from a country-specific regression of disease on wealth controlling for child’s gender and age in years, mother’s age at birth of the child, mother’s educational level, location of the household (rural/urban), and survey-year fixed effects. 95% confidence intervals in parentheses. Column “Diff” contains the percentage point difference between the predicted prevalence in the poorest and richest wealth quartile. Column “Ratio” contains the ratio of the predicted prevalence rate in the poorest to that in the richest quartile (prevalence WQ1 / prevalence WQ4).