Table 1. Production scale of preparation methods for atomically dispersed catalystsa.
| preparation method | average production scale (g) | highest production scale (g) | metal content (wt%) | scalability | number of references |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mixing-and-activation process | |||||
| wet impregnation | 0.30 | 1600 | 0.56 | + | 81 |
| incipient wetness impregnation | 0.08 | 0.5 | 0.47 | – | 19 |
| precipitation | 0.90 | 2 | 0.17 | – | 13 |
| dry impregnation | 2.25 | 1000 | 1.90 | + | 12 |
| MOF conversion | 0.20 | 2 | 1.21 | + | 18 |
| thermal transformation | 0.90 | 10 | 1.00 | + | 18 |
| deposition in vacuum | n/a | 0.5 | 0.35 | – | 11 |
| electrodeposition | 0.38 mg cm–2 | 2 mg cm–2 | 1.48 | – | 10 |
| galvanic replacement | 0.06 | 0.5 | 0.21 | – | 9 |
a
The average production scale over all surveyed reports as well as the highest ones reported. The average metal content achieved by the individual methods as well as our verdicts of their scalability. (See the Supporting Information).