Table 1.

Correlations between clinical and histopathological variables and progression. Male gender, the extent of resection, and high-grade histology were found to correlate with prognosis in both univariate (left column) and multivariate (right column) analyses. To avoid collinearity, Simpson grade and the dichotomized extent of resection were not put into the multivariate model at the same time. Of the latter, results from multivariate analyses are given in the manuscript text

Variable	HR1, 95%CI2	p value3	HR, 95%CI	p value4
Age	1.01, .99–1.02	.368	1.01, .99–1.02	.443
Sex
Female (ref5) vs male	2.24, 1.54–3.24	< .001	1.63, 1.10–2.40	.015
Tumor location
Non-skull base (ref) vs skull base	1.31, .90–1.89	.158	1.23, .83–1.83	.303
WHO grade
Grade I (ref) vs high-grade histology	4.44, 3.03–6.50	< .001	4.46, 2.96–6.72	<.001
Simpson grade
I	ref		ref
II	1.73, 1.04–2.87	.035	1.74, 1.04–2.94	.036
III	1.85, .99–3.43	.053	1.76, .93–3.33	.080
IV	3.23, 1.74–6.0	< .001	3.86, 2.01–7.42	< .001
V	5.70, .76–42.51	.090	3.35, .44–25.64	.245
Dichotomized scales
Simpson grade I/II (ref) vs ≥ III	1.68, 1.14–2.48	.008	n/a6
Simpson grade I–III (ref) vs ≥ IV	2.20, 1.36–3.56	.001	n/a

n/a not applicable

¹Hazard ratio

²Confidence interval

³Univariate backward Wald p value

⁴Multivariate backward Wald p value

⁵Reference