Table 4.
Per-protocol comparison between open (OS) and laparoscopic (LS) splenectomies
| Characteristics | OS [32] | LS [12] | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | M | 22 | 10 | 0.725 |
| F | 10 | 3 | ||
| Age (years) | Average | 50 | 47 | 0.458 |
| Median | 49 | 41 | ||
| Range | 21–86 | 24–88 | ||
| ASA | I | 17 | 5 | 0.709 |
| II | 11 | 6 | ||
| III | 3 | 2 | ||
| IV | 1 | 0 | ||
| Mechanism of trauma | Blunt | 32 | 12 | 1 |
| Penetrating | 0 | 1 | ||
| Pre-operative vital signs | HR (bpm) average | 89 | 93 | 0.315 |
| Median | 85 | 90 | ||
| Range | 60–130 | 70–120 | ||
| SPB (mmHg) average | 116 | 126 | 0.086 | |
| Median | 120 | 125 | ||
| Range | 70–150 | 95–160 | ||
| GCS 15 | 27 | 13 | 1 | |
| 14 | 4 | 0 | ||
| 13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ATLS class I | 14 | 7 | 0.247 | |
| II-responder | 16 | 2 | ||
| III-responder | 2 | 1 | ||
| Pre-operative blood test | BE (mmol/L) average | − 2 | − 1.1 | 0.448 |
| Median | − 1.3 | − 0.1 | ||
| Range | − 9–5.3 | − 9.4–3.2 | ||
| Lactate (mmol/L) average | 2 | 1.37 | 0.279 | |
| Median | 1.4 | 1.2 | ||
| Range | 0.5–6.1 | 0.6–3.3 | ||
| HB (g/dL) average | 12 | 12.6 | 0.252 | |
| Median | 12.75 | 12.3 | ||
| Range | 5.3–15.6 | 8.2–19.1 | ||
| ISS | Average | 20 | 24 | 0.177 |
| Range | 4–57 | 1–57 | ||
| Timing | Early | 23 | 6 | 0.169 |
| Delayed | 9 | 7 | ||
| Failed NOM | 10 | 7 | 0.156 | |
| AAST grade | I | 1 | 1 | 0.235 |
| II | 3 | 1 | ||
| III | 8 | 8 | ||
| IV | 13 | 3 | ||
| V | 7 | 0 | ||
| Associated injuries | 13 | 8 | 0.323 | |
| Operative time (mins) | Average | 60 | 128 | < 0.00001 |
| Median | 55.5 | 129 | ||
| Range | 28–106 | 83–193 | ||
| Other surgical procedures | 5 | 7 | 0.021 | |
| Blood trasfusions | Intra-operative | 16 | 3 | 0.182 |
| Postoperative | 8 | 6 | 0.286 | |
| Intensive care unit | Admission | 20 | 6 | 0.341 |
| Average length of stay (days) | 3.5 | 10 | 0.049 | |
| Bowel function recovery (average POD) | NGT removal | 2.7 | 1 | < 0.00001 |
| Feeding | 3.8 | 2 | < 0.00001 | |
| Flatus | 3.6 | 3 | 0.107 | |
| Stool | 5.9 | 5 | 0.089 | |
| Morbidity | Overall | 22 | 9 | 1 |
| Re-operation | 2 | 0 | 0.546 | |
| SSI | 7 | 0 | 0.089 | |
| Mortality | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Overall length of stay (days) | Average | 18 | 20 | 0.458 |
| Follow-up | Incisional hernia | 6 | 2 | 1 |
| Bowel obstruction | 3 | 0 | 0.546 |