Table 1.
Lipid mediator profiles in arthritic paws of SKG mice.
| Control group | Arthritis group | |
|---|---|---|
| AA derived bioactive metabolome | ||
| Prostaglandin E2 | 6070.3 ± 2198.0 | 37,005.7 ± 4476.0** |
| Prostaglandin D2 | 9122.2 ± 2720.1 | 37,975.4 ± 2616.2** |
| Prostaglandin J2 | 752.4 ± 118.8 | 2485.0 ± 291.7** |
| 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-Prostaglandin J2 | 19,951.4 ± 3978.8 | 24,322.9 ± 4456.1 |
| Prostaglandin F2a | 2013.8 ± 371.0 | 16,462.7 ± 1812.3** |
| 8iso-Prostaglandin F2a | 159.7 ± 14.8 | 617.7 ± 57.1** |
| Thromboxane B2 | 629.3 ± 195.5 | 6996.9 ± 854.7** |
| 12-HHT | 259.5 ± 33.5 | 1874.6 ± 165.1** |
| Leukotriene B4 | 41.0 ± 11.6 | 165.8 ± 29.7* |
| Lipoxin A4 | – | – |
| Lipoxin B4 | – | – |
| 5,15-diHETE | 8.5 ± 0.6 | 30.5 ± 4.1** |
| AA pathway markers | ||
| 5-HETE | 104.4 ± 18.5 | 464.6 ± 61.3** |
| 12-HETE | 1675.0 ± 341.8 | 6972.2 ± 1017.4** |
| 15-HETE | 278.1 ± 39.9 | 1045.7 ± 134.0** |
| AA | 5927.3 ± 642.6 | 15,333.5 ± 1019.6** |
| EPA derived bioactive metabolome | ||
| Resolvin E1 | ー | 34.5 ± 16.9 |
| Resolvin E2 | 9.0 ± 2.6 | 8.5 ± 1.7 |
| Resolvin E3 | ー | 55.4 ± 9.9** |
| EPA pathway markers | ||
| 5-HEPE | 23.0 ± 4.1 | 45.8 ± 6.4* |
| 12-HEPE | 84.4 ± 13.5 | 369.8 ± 61.1 |
| 15-HEPE | 106.0 ± 28.3 | 208.9 ± 41.5* |
| 18-HEPE | 17.0 ± 2.8 | 53.1 ± 9.3* |
| EPA | 1260.0 ± 106.1 | 4528.2 ± 630.5** |
| DHA derived bioactive metabolome | ||
| Resolvin D1 | 13.7 ± 3.3 | 45.1 ± 9.5 |
| Resolvin D2 | ー | ー |
| Resolvin D3 | ー | 6.9 ± 1.4* |
| Resolvin D5 | 9.6 ± 2.9 | 24.7 ± 3.7* |
| Protectin D1 | 9.3 ± 3.1 | 10.4 ± 1.3 |
| Maresin1 | 4.7 ± 2.3 | 5.9 ± 1.1 |
| Maresin2 | 52.9 ± 15.7 | 108.5 ± 13.8* |
| DHA pathway markers | ||
| 4-HDHA | 45.4 ± 7.5 | 154.5 ± 19.7** |
| 7-HDHA | 10.7 ± 1.5 | 40.4 ± 5.3** |
| 14-HDHA | 350.2 ± 83.8 | 1210.3 ± 221.0* |
| 17-HDHA | 153.5 ± 20.1 | 510.7 ± 76.7* |
| DHA | 2918.3 ± 269.8 | 8526.0 ± 612.1** |
SKG mice were injected with or without ZyA (2 mg/body i.p.) on day 0. Paws were collected on day 112. LM profiles in paws were determined using LC/MS/MS-based LM profiling (control group, n = 5, arthritis group, n = 8). Values were represented as mean ± SEM.
**P < 0.01, *P < 0.05 by using Mann–Whitney U test and FDR-BH correction.