Table 2.

Inclusion criteria based on PICO algorithm. ICU: intensive care unit.

Patient (P)	We included individuals with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, with no restrictions on age, sex, ethnicity, or severity of the disease.
Intervention (I)	We included the following antiviral treatments: remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, favipiravir, umifenovir, or ribavirin. Co-interventions with other antivirals were allowed but must be comparable between intervention groups.
Comparison (C)	We included the following comparisons for studies with a control arm: placebo, standard care, another dosage regimen, any other drug treatment (including but not limited to antivirals)
Outcome (O)	We included studies that evaluate efficacy of interventions being this estimated by mortality rate, improvement of clinical symptoms, need for mechanical ventilation, length of hospital stay, number of patients admitted to ICU, length of stay on the ICU, rate of viral clearance or time to viral clearance. We also included studies that assess safety outcomes as measured by proportion of mild, moderate, or severe adverse events. Secondary outcomes include need to discontinue treatment because of adverse events, dosage regimen, and duration of antiviral treatment.