| AGEs | Advanced glycation end-products |
| EOs | Essential oils |
| EW | Electrolyte water |
| GLs | Glucosinolates |
| GABA | Gamma-aminobutyric acid |
| LED | Light-emitting diode |
| ME | Metabolic engineering |
| NBC | Natural bioactive compounds |
| PAL | Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| SAEW | Slightly acidified electrolyte water |
| SFN | Sulforaphane |
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