Table 3.

Percentage reduction (%) of biofilm cells treated with extracts in the concentration of 50% (v/v) using the TTC and crystal violet (CV) method. The untreated control setting was established as 100% of microbial bacterial activity or biofilm biomass (method using TTC and CV, respectively). Please note that in the case of P.aeruginosa, the exposure on extracts led to an increase of metabolic activity measured by the TTC method; in the case of the biofilm assessment using the crystal violet assay, the results are not shown (n.s.) due to the low usability of this particular plate-based technique for pseudomonal biofilm analysis, as discussed in the later part of this manuscript. Abbreviations: R—roots, H—herb, and B—bulbs.

Plant Material		Reduction of Biofilm-forming Cell Number [TTC Assessment]			Reduction of Biofilm Biomass [Crystal Violet Assessment]
		S. aureus	P. aeruginosa	C. albicans	S. aureus	P. aeruginosa	C. albicans
C. majus	R	71.79	−179.81	95.69	10.84	n.s	66.63
	H	26.11	−200.74	93.72	20.41	n.s	65.02
F. vaillantii	R	67.01	−97.61	92.92	24.29	n.s	66.20
	H	52.42	−94.27	95.04	20.81	n.s	65.27
C. cheilanthifolia	R	70.02	−177.17	93.55	7.63	n.s	74.64
	H	89.10	−194.71	93.85	10.99	n.s	68.92
C. pumila	B	66.84	−395.46	92.06	11.21	n.s	54.99
	H	82.74	−276.47	94.40	25.20	n.s	58.86
C. cava	B	67.61	−105.26	95.78	11.04	n.s	62.54
	H	74.53	−84.47	95.70	22.12	n.s	67.14