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. 2021 Aug 19;13(8):2852. doi: 10.3390/nu13082852

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effects of oral bLf vs. mock on the levels of total IgM (a) and IgM (b), and bLf-specific IgA (c) and IgM (d) in the intestinal secretions of the proximal small intestine. Mean and standard deviation (SD) are shown. Effects of oral bLf on the percentages of IgA⁺ and IgM⁺ plasma cells (PC)in lamina propria (LP) (e) of the proximal small intestine. Mean and SD are shown. Significant differences: * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001, compared to mock in (a,b and e). Significant difference to day 0 is shown in 1(c,d. Non-significant results are omitted.

Effects of oral bLf vs. mock on the levels of total IgM (a) and IgM (b), and bLf-specific IgA (c) and IgM (d) in the intestinal secretions of the proximal small intestine. Mean and standard deviation (SD) are shown. Effects of oral bLf on the percentages of IgA⁺ and IgM⁺ plasma cells (PC)in lamina propria (LP) (e) of the proximal small intestine. Mean and SD are shown. Significant differences: * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001, compared to mock in (a,b and e). Significant difference to day 0 is shown in 1(c,d. Non-significant results are omitted.