A	Membrane surface (m)
CFD	Computational fluid dynamic
Ci	Concentration of component i (mol/m3)
CH2O,permeate	Water concentration in the permeate side
CH2O,retentate	Water concentration in the permeate side
dcat	Diameter of catalyst particle (m)
${\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{Li}}$	Single-phase diffusion coefficients (m2/s)
${\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{ei}}$	The effective diffusion in porous media(m2/s)
E1	Activation energy (kJ/mol)
E2	Activation energy (kJ/mol)
Et	Ethanol
EtLA	Ethyl levulinate
JH2O	Water permeating flux (mol/m2/s)
J0,H2O	Water permeability
K	Equilibrium constant (-)
k1,0	Rate constant ((m3/mol)2/s)
k2,0	Rate constant ((m3/mol)$\cdot$(m3/kg)/s)
Kbr	Permeability (m2)
Kref	Equilibrium cst (-)
LA	Levulinic acid
LA-ESR	Livulinic acid esterification
${\mathrm{MW}}_{\mathrm{i}}$	Molecular weight of component i (mol/g)
NOx	Nitrogen oxides
PV	Pervaporation
PVA	Poly(vinyl alcohol)
PVMR	Pervaporation membrane reactor
ri	Reaction rate of component i (mol/m3/s)
Si	Sink/source term of component i (kg/m3/s)
SOx	Sulfur oxides
Tref	Temperature ref (K)
u	Velocity (m/s)
V	Computational cell volume (m3)
Vi	Molar volume at normal boiling point (cm3/mol)
W	Weight of catalyst (g)
${\mathsf{\beta }}_{\mathrm{F}}$	Forchheimer coefficient
$∆\mathrm{H}$	Enthalpy (kJ/mol)
$\mathsf{\epsilon }$	$\mathrm{Porosity}$ (-)
$\mathsf{\mu }$	Viscosity (cP)
µmix	Viscosity reaction mixture (cP)
$\mathsf{\rho }$	Density (kg/m3)
${\mathsf{\rho }}_{\mathrm{cat}}$	Catalyst density (kg/m3)
τ	Tortuosity
ϕ	Association factor (-)