Table 3.

Out-of-pocket (OOP) spending and occurrence of catastrophic health expenditures (CHE) among study groups

	OOP spending		CHE (10%)		CHE (20%)		CHE (30%)		CHE (40%)
	Log-link GLM		Logit		Logit		Logit		Logit
	β	SE	OR	SE	OR	SE	OR	SE	OR	SE
Study group
∈Near-poor	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
∈Medical Aid	-1.09***	0.13	0.21***	0.06	0.20***	0.06	0.10***	0.02	0.07***	0.02
∈Above-poverty	0.27***	0.07	0.52**	0.15	0.39**	0.19	0.36**	0.16	0.31***	0.10
Female	-0.06	0.07	0.89	0.14	1.01	0.20	0.87	0.20	0.87	0.27
Age	-0.01***	0.00	1.00	0.00	1.01	0.01	1.00	0.01	1.00	0.01
Married	0.36***	0.08	1.16	0.18	1.61**	0.34	1.00	0.23	0.85	0.26
Education
∈no diploma	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
∈below high school diploma	0.02	0.08	1.10	0.15	1.20	0.17	1.26	0.18	1.10	0.18
∈high school diploma	-0.09	0.11	0.66**	0.14	0.85	0.21	1.07	0.29	0.90	0.31
∈above high school diploma	-0.29**	0.12	0.52***	0.14	0.51**	0.18	0.87	0.27	0.71	0.25
Occupation
∈ permanent employee	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
∈temporary employee	-0.26	0.18	0.54	0.24	0.27**	0.15	0.27**	0.17	0.17***	0.11
∈ employer, self-employed, unpaid family worker	-0.18	0.19	0.48*	0.22	0.33*	0.20	0.66	0.43	0.38	0.26
∈ unemployed, economically inactive	-0.04	0.17	0.71	0.31	0.50	0.29	0.88	0.53	0.48	0.29
Monthly income (increase of one million won)	0.03*	0.02	0.74*	0.14	0.71	0.25	0.79	0.26	0.81	0.17
Self-reporting poor health	0.43***	0.08	2.17***	0.33	1.88***	0.28	2.39***	0.32	2.56***	0.45
Chronic disease	0.21**	0.09	1.46**	0.28	1.16	0.27	1.82***	0.41	1.75**	0.51
Disabled	-0.06	0.10	0.88	0.16	0.94	0.18	0.84	0.18	0.94	0.19
Private insurance subscription	0.18***	0.07	1.04	0.14	1.17	0.18	1.11	0.14	1.05	0.16
Depression	0.25**	0.12	1.46	0.35	1.72**	0.45	1.48***	0.22	1.65***	0.29

*** p < 0.001 ** p < 0.05 * p <0.1