MRI-1867 decreases alcohol consumption after oral administration in two drinking models. (a) C57BL/6J mice had access to 20% ethanol for 4 h daily. On day 4, one hour before the dark period, mice received S-1867, (3, 10 mg/kg; S), R-MRI-1867 (10 mg/kg; R), or vehicle (V) by oral gavage and drinking session was repeated. Serum level of acetaldehyde and alcohol from blood obtained at the end of the drinking session. (b) Mice had free access to a 15% ethanol solution and water, using a two-bottle free-choice paradigm. From days 6 to 10, mice received daily S-MRI-1867 (3, 10 mg/kg; S), R-MRI-1867 (10 mg/kg; R), or vehicle (V) by oral gavage. Drinking behavior in individual animals (a) is expressed as points before (average of days 1–3) and after treatment (day 4). Other points and bars (a,b) are mean ± s.e.m. of daily to 5-day drinking behavior, respectively. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, compared with before treatment (Student’s t-test for paired samples) (a) or with vehicle (two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test) (b); # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001 compared to vehicle (one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test), n.s. not significant.