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Taurine (5) is synthesized from either methionine (1) or cysteine (2). Cysteine dioxygenase catalyzes the conversion of cysteine (2) to cysteinesulfinate (3), which then is converted to hypotaurine (4) by cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase. Hypotaurine (4) is readily oxidized to form taurine (5), which can be excreted directly or as a conjugate with bile acids such as taurocholate (6).
