Table 4.
Recent flashpoints in HFMs’ development and applications.
| No. | Keyword | Average Publication Year | No. of Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sweeping gas membrane distillation | 2018.44 | 23 |
| 2 | Graphene oxide | 2018.40 | 20 |
| 3 | CO2 resistance | 2018.20 | 5 |
| 4 | NIPS (Non-solvent induced phase separation) | 2018.17 | 6 |
| 5 | Nanofluid | 2018.00 | 6 |
| 6 | Nickel membrane | 2018.00 | 5 |
| 7 | Superhydrophobic | 2017.78 | 9 |
| 8 | Anaerobic membrane bioreactor | 2017.75 | 8 |
| 9 | Zeolite membrane | 2017.70 | 11 |
| 10 | Potassium carbonate | 2017.60 | 11 |
| 11 | Dye removal | 2017.60 | 10 |
| 12 | Water vapor separation | 2017.40 | 14 |
| 13 | Photocatalytic degradation | 2017.33 | 9 |
| 14 | Electrospinning | 2017.29 | 7 |
| 15 | Perovskite oxide | 2017.20 | 13 |
| 16 | Polydopamine | 2017.14 | 7 |
| 17 | Hydrogen production | 2016.71 | 7 |
| 18 | Antifouling | 2016.50 | 42 |
| 19 | Oil—water separation | 2016.38 | 21 |
| 20 | Irreversible fouling | 2016.17 | 6 |