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. 2021 Aug 9;10(8):1635. doi: 10.3390/plants10081635

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effects of the WSC extract on LPS-stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 cells. The cells were pretreated with the indicated concentrations of the WSC extract for 3 h and then treated with 1 µg/mL of LPS for 24 h: (a,b) Protein levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were determined by ELISA; (c,d) IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA levels were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Values are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments; #, p < 0.05 versus control; *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.005 versus LPS alone.