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. 2021 Jul 21;13(8):1112. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081112

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Structure of freeze-dried PVP without annealing (A) and with annealing at −10 °C (B). Note that the two plugs had a leafy amorphous appearance consisting of an irregular array of large pores which had been previously occupied by ice (magnification 60 ×). Adapted with permission from ref. [104]. 2021, Springer Nature.