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. 2021 Jul 22;13(8):2503. doi: 10.3390/nu13082503

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Main physiological events within the cardiovascular system that might contribute to fatigue during high-intensity whole-body exercise. The potential influence of caffeine on components of the cardiovascular system that might explain part of its ergogenic effect is also indicated. Although inconclusive, caffeine might increase maximal heart rate [44,45] and vasoconstriction in inactive areas [43,53], which may result in increased leg blood flow.