| 3′,5′ cGMP | 3′,5′ cyclic guanosine monophosphate |
| 3′,5′ cGMP-H | free adic form of 3′,5′ cyclic guanosine monophosphate |
| 3′,5′ cAMP | 3′,5′ cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
| 3′,5′ cCMP | 3′,5′ cyclic cytosine monophosphate |
| 5′ AMP | adenosine 5′ monophosphate |
| 3′,5′ cNMP | 3′,5′ cyclic nucleotide |
| nt | nucleotide |
| pG | 5′ guanylic acid |
| pGpG | 5′ diguanylic acid |
| pGp | 5′ guanylic acid 3′ phosphate |
| pC | 5′ cytidylic acid |
| pCpC | 5′ dicytidylic acid |
| pCp | 5′ cytidylic acid 3′ phosphate |
| DBU | 1,8-diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-ene |
| MALDI | matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization |
| ToF | time of flight |
| ESI | electrospray ionization |
| MS | mass spectrometry |
| HPLC | high-performance liquid chromatography |