Table 3.
Meta-analysis of biochemical changes with subcutaneously injected methylcobalamin in children with ASD. Oxidized glutathione (GSSG); S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH); S-adenosylmethionine (SAM); methylation capacity (SAM/SAH); total GSH (tGSH); total glutathione redox ratio (tGSH/GSSG) * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.0001.
| Metabolite | Weighted Mean Difference |
Cohen’s d’ (95% CI) |
Cochran’s Q | I2 | LFK Index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Methylation Metabolites | |||||
| Methionine (μmol/L) | 0.95 | 0.25 (−0.10, 0.59) | 0.12 | ||
| SAM (nmol/L) | 1.80 | 0.12 (−0.23, 0.47) | 2.12 | ||
| SAH (nmol/L) | −0.78 | −0.19 (−2.14, 0.58) | 0.53 | ||
| SAM/SAH Ratio | 0.22 | 0.28 (−0.07, 0.62) | 0.66 | ||
| Homocysteine (μmol/L) | 0.01 | 0.10 (−0.25, 0.45) | 6.94 * | 71% | 1.03 |
| Transsulfuration/Redox Metabolites | |||||
| Cysteine (μmol/L) | 13.30 | 0.70 (0.34, 1.07) *** | 15.13 ** | 87% | 0.72 |
| Total GSH (μmol/L) | 0.36 | 0.43 (0.08. 0.79) * | 8.73 ** | 77% | −0.16 |
| GSSG (nmol/L) | −0.004 | −0.68 (0.32, 1.04) *** | 7.13 * | 72% | 0.61 |
| Total GSH/GSSG Ratio | 7.43 | 0.84 (0.47. 1.21) *** | 18.37 *** | 89% | 0.88 |