Table 1.
Cancer type | Targets | Functions | References |
---|---|---|---|
Central nervous system cancer | Ras and Myc | Inhibits the carcinogenesis and proliferation of glioma | [35] |
CDC25A | Negatively regulates cell cycle progression and proliferation of glioma | [36] | |
Head and neck cancer | BRD4/EZH2 | Promotes the proliferation of OSCC cells and inhibits apoptosis | [37] |
Snail1 | Promotes the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) | [38] | |
Thoracic cancer | Cyclin A | Drives cell cycle progression and promotes lung cancer cell proliferation | [41] |
Transferrin and its receptor (TfR) | Promotes the growth of EGFR mutation lung cancer cells and inhibits apoptosis | [43] | |
TRAF2 and TRAF3 | Upregulates the inflammation-related genes and stemness-related genes in cancer cells | [45] | |
HAS2 | Triggers the progression of cancer | [47] | |
MMP3 and MMP9 | Promotes the tumorigenesis and growth | [48] | |
PI3K/Akt | Contributes to cisplatin resistance in NSCLC cells | [49] | |
Breast cancer | AEP | Promotes the intracellular stability and metastasis | [50] |
SET8 | Increases the proliferation of breast cancer cells | [53] | |
Snail, Slug and Twist | Promotes EMT and breast cancer metastasis; cancer stem cell-like characteristics of breast cancer cells | [54, 56] | |
CDC25A | Promotes cell cycle progression | [58] | |
Geminin | Enhances genomic instability, DNA replication change, aneuploidy, and cancer progression | [61] | |
MAPK signaling pathway | Decreases the cell viability | [62] | |
Gastrointestinal cancer | H2AX | Overcomes DNA double-strand break (DSB) | [66, 68] |
DEC1 | Recovers from G2 DNA damage checkpoint | [69] | |
Nrf2 | Leads to chemotherapy resistance | [70] | |
Genitourinary cancer | NF-κB/ROS | Promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of prostate cancer cells and inhibits apoptosis | [72] |
BRD4 | Leads to drug resistance of BET inhibitor | [73] | |
Gynecologic cancer | SDS3 | Induces apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation in cervical adenocarcinoma cells | [74] |
Ras | Decreases growth of Hela cells | [77] | |
ELK-1 | Promotes cell proliferation | [80] | |
Rho GTPases | Promotes cell migration and cytoskeleton reorganization | [81] | |
MCL1 | Regulates chemoresistance in ovarian cancer | [85] | |
Bone and soft tissue sarcomas | Smad4 | Enhances the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells through activation of EMT | [86] |
AEP asparaginyl endopeptidase, Akt protein kinase B, BET bromodomain and extra-terminal domain, BRD4 bromodomain-containing protein 4, CDC25A cell division cycle 25A, DEC1 defective chorion-1, EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor, ELK-1 ETS-like protein 1, EZH2 enhancer of zeste homolog-2, H2AX H2A histone family member X, HAS2 hyaluronan synthase 2, MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase, MCL1 myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1, MMP3 matrix metallopeptidase 3, OSCC oral squamous cell carcinoma, PI3K phosphoinositide-3-kinase, ROS reactive oxygen species, SDS3 suppressor of defective silencing 3, SET8 SET domain-containing protein 8, TRAFs tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factors