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. 2021 Jul 28;11(8):760. doi: 10.3390/life11080760

Table 5.

Studies on the relationships between gut microbiota and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Authors and Year Type of Study Findings
Cenit et al., 2017 [89] Review
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    Gut microbiota transplantation can transfer a behavioural phenotype (studies on animal samples);

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    Microbiota could play a role in mental health by regulating inflammatory and endocrine secretions, synthetising neuroactive compounds and interacting with the vagal nerve (studies on animal samples);

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    Dietary components modulating gut microbiota may influence ADHD development or symptoms (preliminary human studies)
Cenit et al., 2017 [202] Review
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    Specific diets or dietary components (including probiotics) may alter brain activity in regions that are relevant to cognition, behaviour and specific ADHD symptoms;

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    Inflammation and oxidative stress, partly triggered by alterations in gut microbiota composition and both associated with ADHD, may play an important role in the aetiopathogenesis of ADHD through neuroinflammation