Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of infants (safety set, n = 311).
| 5HMO-Mix n = 103 |
IF n = 104 |
BM n = 104 |
Total n = 311 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, n (%) | ||||
| Male | 54 (52.4) | 55 (52.9) | 52 (50.0) | 161 (51.8) |
| Female | 49 (47.6) | 49 (47.1) | 52 (50.0) | 150 (48.2) |
| Age at enrollment, days | 4.8 ± 3.2 (1–16) | 4.3 ± 2.7 (1–14) | 5.2 ± 3.6 (1–14) | 4.8 ± 3.2 (1–16) |
| Gestational age at birth, weeks | 39.3 ± 1.1 | 39.3 ± 1.2 | 39.4 ± 1.1 | 39.3 ± 1.1 |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | ||||
| Caucasian | 95 (92.2) | 100 (96.2) | 97 (93.3) | 292 (93.9) |
| African | 1 (1.0) | 1 (1.0) | - | 2 (0.6) |
| Mixed | 6 (5.8) | 3 (2.9) | 4 (3.8) | 13 (4.2) |
| Other | 1 (1.0) | - | 3 (2.9) | 4 (1.3) |
| Mode of delivery, n (%) | ||||
| Vaginal | 56 (54.1) | 64 (61.5) | 73 (70.2) | 193 62.1) |
| Cesarean section | 32 (31.1) | 33 (31.7) | 24 (23.1) | |
| Assisted vaginal | 15 (14.6) | 7 (6.7) | 7 (6.7) | 29 (9.3) |
| Birth weight, g | 3321.8 ± 434.7 | 3351.1 ± 405.5 | 3412.0 ± 381.3 | 3361.8 ± 408.1 |
| Birth length, cm | 50.04 ± 2.01 | 50.44 ± 2.23 | 50.54 ± 1.97 | 50.34 ± 20.8 |
| Birth head circumference, cm | 34.65 ± 1.13 | 34.68 ± 1.23 | 34.65 ± 1.48 | 34.66 ± 1.29 |
| APGAR score 1 | 10.0 ± 0.2 (9–10) | 9.9 ± 0.3 (9–10) | 9.9 ± 0.3 (9–10) | 9.9 ± 0.3 (9–10) |
| Use of antibiotics by mother before or during delivery, n (%) | 15 (14.6) | 20 (19.2) | 22 (21.2) | |
| Feeding history from birth up to enrollment, n (%) | ||||
| Breast milk fed | 11 (10.7) | 6 (5.8) | 93 (92.3) | |
| Infant formula fed | 92 (89.3) | 98 (94.2) | 8 (7.7) |
1 Mean ± SD (min–max)