Table 2.
Multiple linear regression analysis of breastfeeding duration and lipid levels, β (95% CI).
| Models | Serum Lipid |
Breastfeeding Duration | p | Breastfeeding Group | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Breastfeeding | 0–6 Months | 6–12 Months | >12 Months | ||||
| Model 1 | TC (mg/dL) | −0.555 (−0.652, −0.457) | <0.001 | 0 (reference) | 1.687 (−0.184, 3.558) | −3.675 (−5.357, −1.993) ** | −8.505 (−10.482, −6.528) ** |
| TG (mg/dL) | 0.228 (0.104, 0.352) | <0.001 | 0 (reference) | −1.677 (−4.061, 0.706) | 1.327 (−0.816, 3.469) | 2.508 (−0.010, 5.026) | |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | −0.276 (−0.355, −0.197) | <0.001 | 0 (reference) | 0.164 (−1.353, 1.680) | −1.071 (−2.433, 0.292) | −4.693 (−6.295, −3.091) ** | |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | −0.132 (−0.170, −0.094) | <0.001 | 0 (reference) | 0.485 (−0.243, 1.212) | −0.388 (−1.042, 0.265) | −2.156 (−2.924, −1.387) ** | |
| TC/HDL-C | −0.004 (−0.007, −0.002) | 0.002 | 0 (reference) | −0.006 (−0.056, 0.043) | −0.067 (−0.112, −0.023) ** | −0.060 (−0.112, −0.008) * | |
| Model 2 | TC (mg/dL) | −0.466 (−0.564, −0.368) | <0.001 | 0 (reference) | 1.024 (−0.817, 2.865) | −3.104 (−4.760, −1.447) ** | −7.477 (−9.441, −5.513) ** |
| TG (mg/dL) | 0.150 (0.024, 0.276) | 0.019 | 0 (reference) | −1.583 (−3.955, 0.789) | 0.361 (−1.774, 2.496) | 1.574 (−0.956, 4.105) | |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | −0.143 (−0.223, −0.064) | <0.001 | 0 (reference) | 0.879 (−0.623, 2.380) | −0.127 (−1.478, 1.225) | −2.282 (−3.884, −0.680) ** | |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | −0.106 (−0.145, −0.067) | <0.001 | 0 (reference) | 0.510 (−0.218, 1.239) | −0.096 (−0.751, 0.560) | −1.768 (−2.545, −0.991) ** | |
| TC/HDL-C | −0.004 (−0.007, −0.001) | 0.004 | 0 (reference) | −0.021 (−0.071, 0.029) | −0.072 (−0.117, −0.027) ** | −0.062 (−0.115, −0.009) * | |
| Model 3 | TC (mg/dL) | −0.394 (−0.501, −0.286) | <0.001 | 0 (reference) | 1.876 (−0.112, 3.864) | −1.957 (−3.754, −0.161) * | −6.201 (−8.353, −4.048) ** |
| TG (mg/dL) | 0.184 (0.043, 0.325) | 0.011 | 0 (reference) | −0.376 (−2.986, 2.233) | 1.323 (−1.035, 3.681) | 2.478 (−0.347, 5.304) | |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | −0.109 (−0.196, −0.021) | 0.015 | 0 (reference) | 0.959 (−0.658, 2.576) | 0.112 (−1.349, 1.573) | −1.821 (−3.572, −0.071) * | |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | −0.097 (−0.140, −0.055) | <0.001 | 0 (reference) | 0.499 (−0.285, 1.283) | −0.099 (−0.808, 0.610) | −1.686 (−2.536, −0.837) ** | |
| TC/HDL-C | −0.003 (−0.006, 0.000) | 0.055 | 0 (reference) | −0.005 (−0.059, 0.049) | −0.044 (−0.093, 0.005) | −0.044 (−0.103, 0.015) | |
| Model 4 | TC (mg/dL) | −0.399 (−0.507, −0.290) | <0.001 | 0 (reference) | 2.175 (0.170, 4.180) * | −1.864 (−3.674, −0.055) * | −6.225 (−8.390, −4.059) ** |
| TG (mg/dL) | 0.064 (−0.073, 0.201) | 0.360 | 0 (reference) | 0.849 (−1.685, 3.383) | 1.744 (−0.543, 4.031) | 0.666 (−2.070, 3.403) | |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | −0.128 (−0.216, −0.041) | 0.004 | 0 (reference) | 1.329 (−0.294, 2.953) | 0.261 (−1.204, 1.726) | −1.956 (−3.709, −0.204) * | |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | −0.069 (−0.111, −0.028) | 0.001 | 0 (reference) | 0.174 (−0.598, 0.945) | −0.201 (−0.897, 0.495) | −1.273 (−2.106, −0.440) ** | |
| TC/HDL-C | −0.005 (−0.008, −0.002) | 0.001 | 0 (reference) | 0.021 (−0.032, 0.074) | −0.034 (−0.081, 0.014) | −0.072 (−0.129, −0.015) * | |
Model 1 did not adjust for any factors. Model 2 adjusted for region, sex, age, and parental education level. Model 3 further adjusted for physical activity, sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, meat consumption, and frequency of high-energy food and fried food. Model 4 further adjusted for BMI. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.