Figure 4.

Shear strength adhesion testing ex vivo. (A,B) A custom fixture with a pectin films and 1 mm thick porcine serosa mounted on opposing surfaces. After gentle compression (approximating 5N force) for 30 s development time, the surfaces were withdrawn at 180° at 0.5 mm/s with 500 pps force and distance recordings. (C) Due to the extensibility of the subserosal tissue, the pectin samples resulted in a protracted adhesion curve (black line) in contrast to the nanocellulose fiber (NCF) film (dark gray) and pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) (light gray). (D) Replicate samples demonstrated that the work of adhesion, representing the area under the force-distance curve, was significantly greater in the pectin samples compared to NCF and PSA (*, p < 0.001).