Table 1.

Glossary of terms.

Terms	Definitions
“Dysbiosis”	is defined as a loss of beneficial microbes, expansion of pathobionts or potentially harmful microorganisms, and a loss of microbial diversity [20].
“Microbiota”	is defined as the microbial taxon (bacteria, archaea, or lower eukaryotes) associated with humans health and disease [7].
“Microbiome”	is defined as the catalog of microorganisms, their genomes, and the surrounding environmental condition [7], but we are lacking a clear commonly agreed definition [21].
“Postbiotics”	are defined as “preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host” [22] they are also known as “non-viable probiotics”, “ghost probiotics”, “paraprobiotics”, and “inactivated probiotics”, they have also ability to deliver health benefits if consumed with prebiotics or foods throughout their shelf life [23].
“Prebiotics”	defined as “a selectively fermented ingredient that allows specific changes, both in the composition and/or activity in the gastrointestinal microflora that confers benefits upon host wellbeing and health” [24].
“Probiotics”	are defined as “live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host” [25].
“Psychobiotics”	are defined as live bacteria which, when ingested in adequate amounts, produces a mental health benefits [26].
“Synbiotic”	contains combined both a probiotics and prebiotics that work synergistically and have beneficially affect the host, and this effect is higher than that of the probiotic alone [27].