Table 3.
Upstream regulator analysis in eWAT.
| HFD vs. Chow | KrO vs. HFD | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Z-Score | p-Value | Z-Score | p-Value | |
| Proinflammatory | ||||
| CCL2 | 3.4 | 0.000 | −2.2 | 0.013 |
| IL1B | 6.7 | 0.000 | −2.3 | 0.306 |
| IL4 | 3.2 | 0.000 | −0.1 | 0.016 |
| IL6 | 3.5 | 0.000 | −1.1 | 0.027 |
| IL17A | 2.5 | 0.000 | −1.9 | 1.000 |
| MIF | 4.2 | 0.000 | −1.9 | 1.000 |
| TNF | 9.5 | 0.000 | −4.5 | 0.001 |
| TRAP1 | 3.5 | 0.015 | −2.4 | 0.001 |
| TGFB1 | 4.7 | 0.000 | −1.0 | 0.009 |
| Adipogenesis—Clonal Expansion | ||||
| AP1 | 3.3 | 0.001 | n/a | 1.000 |
| CEBPB | 1.7 | 0.000 | 1.4 | 0.004 |
| CEBPD | 2.2 | 0.000 | n/a | 1.000 |
| Adipogenesis—Differentiation | ||||
| PPARG | −4.9 | 0.000 | 5.0 | 0.000 |
| RB1 | −6.5 | 0.000 | 5.1 | 0.000 |
| CEBPA | 0.7 | 0.000 | 1.1 | 0.018 |
| KLF4 | −1.1 | 0.004 | 2.0 | 1.000 |
| KLF5 | −0.8 | 0.006 | n/a | 1.000 |
| KLF15 | n/a | 1.000 | 3.0 | 0.000 |
| SREBF1 | −1.5 | 0.000 | 1.3 | 0.002 |
| STAT5A | −1.2 | 0.000 | 2.8 | 0.004 |
| STAT5B | −0.7 | 0.000 | 2.1 | 0.427 |
| Negative Regulators of Adipogenesis | ||||
| KDM5A | 4.6 | 0.000 | −5.2 | 0.000 |
| STK11 | 3.5 | 0.000 | −4.6 | 0.000 |
| KLF2 | −1.2 | 0.000 | n/a | 1.000 |
| GATA3 | 1.0 | 0.000 | n/a | 1.000 |
| WNT5a | −0.5 | 0.000 | n/a | 1.000 |
| Metabolism-Related | ||||
| PPARGC1A | −4.5 | 0.000 | 4.8 | 0.000 |
| PPARGC1B | −2.6 | 0.018 | 2.6 | 0.001 |
| ESRRA | −3.5 | 0.000 | 2.5 | 0.000 |
| NRF1 | −0.7 | 0.031 | 2.2 | 0.003 |
| INSR | −3.4 | 0.000 | 3.9 | 0.000 |
| IGF1R | −2.6 | 0.000 | 3.4 | 0.056 |
| IRS1 | −0.5 | 0.000 | 1.6 | 0.001 |
The activity of upstream regulators in eWAT was calculated based on gene expression changes of all downstream target genes. A Z-score < −2 indicates inhibition of the respective pathway (shown in orange) and Z > 2 indicates activation (shown in green). The p-value < 0.05 indicates significant enrichment of the target genes downstream of a regulator, i.e., that more downstream genes are affected than can be expected by chance. n/a indicates an insufficient number of differentially expressed genes to predict the activation state of an upstream regulator.