Figure 1.
Effects of LPS and/or HFFD on glucose homeostasis parameters [(a) glucose, (b) insulin, (c) HOMA-IR], and lipid profile [(d) TGs and (e) TC] in rats after 9 weeks. Values are shown in scatter plots and expressed as mean ± SD (n = 5/group). Glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR and TC were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, while Welch’s ANOVA was performed followed by Dunnett’s T3 Multiple Comparison test for TGs to account for heterogeneity; p < 0.05. The symbols (□) and (○) indicate additive and synergistic interactions, respectively, using coefficient drug index (CDI). Rats were fed NFD or HFFD for 8 weeks and then received or not a single dose of LPS (2 mg·kg−1, i.p). All groups continued on NFD for another week. HFFD: high fat-fructose diet; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis Model Assessment of insulin resistance; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; NFD: normal fat diet; TC: total cholesterol; TGs: triglycerides.