Table 2.

Examples of the effect of lipopolysaccharide and pro-inflammatory cytokines on human CYP enzymes CES1 and CES2, phase II enzymes, and drug transporters.

Targets	Inflammatory Triggers
CYP2C8, CYP3A4	LPS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6
CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C9	IL-6, IFN-γ
CYP2B6	IFN-γ
CES1 and 2	IL-6
mRNA encoding CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2E1, UGT2B7, SULT1A1, OAT2, CYP3A4, MRP2	IFN-a2B

CES: carboxylesterases; IFN: interferon; OAT2: organic anion transporter, SULT: sulfotransferase, UGT2B7: UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7; multidrug MRP2: resistance-associated protein 2. Data from [104,105,106,107,117].