Figure 4.
Bile acid levels (mM) in the distal colon during the long-term pathogutTM study (11 weeks) (test 2) for the blank (A), 2′FL treatment (B) and MIX treatment (C). Upon inoculation and stabilisation of the fecal inoculum of donor A during the two weeks preceding the study (−14–0 days), a control period (0–14 days) was followed by a clindamycin treatment period (CLI: 14–21 days) which resulted in C. difficile infection (CDI: 21–49 days). From then on, while the blank was treated with vancomycin (VNC: 49–54 days), the other two arms additionally received 2′FL and MIX, respectively. 2′FL and MIX were further administered during the washout period (WO: 54–77 days). 2′FL = 2′-O-fucosyllactose, CA = cholic acid, DCA = deoxycholic acid, GCDCA = glycochenodeoxycholic acid, LNnT = lacto-N-neotetraose, MIX = 4:1 mixture of 2′FL/LNnT.