Table 1.
Characteristics of children and adult participants.
| Indicators | Children | Adults |
|---|---|---|
| Total sample | 590 | 1180 |
| Area, n (%) | ||
| Shijiazhuang | 196 (33.2) | 396 (33.6) |
| Yueyang | 196 (33.2) | 390 (33.0) |
| Luzhou | 198 (33.6) | 394 (33.4) |
| Male, n (%) | 308 (52.2) | 549 (46.5) |
| Age (y) 1 | 8.6 ± 0.4 | 45.8 ± 12.9 |
| Body height (cm) | 131.7 ± 6.6 | 161.2 ± 9.1 |
| Body weight (kg) | 30.2 ± 7.2 | 65.4 ± 12.6 |
| BMI (kg/m2) 1 | 17.2 ± 3.0 | 25.1 ± 3.7 |
| 24-h sodium excretion (mg/d) 1 | 2180.9 ± 787.1 | 3948.6 ± 1406.8 |
| Excess sodium, n (%) | 455 (77.1) | 1129 (95.7) |
| 24-h potassium excretion (mg/d) 1 | 955.6 ± 310.1 | 1551.2 ± 528.2 |
| Inadequate potassium, n (%) | 590 (100.0) | 1172 (99.3) |
| Sodium-to-potassium molar ratio 1 | 4.2 ± 1.7 | 4.6 ± 1.7 |
| 24-h urine volume (mL/d) 1 | 845.8 ± 297.7 | 1564.4 ± 588.7 |
| 24-h urinary creatinine (mmol/d) 1 | 4.9 ± 1.2 | 10.8 ± 3.1 |
| Adult pairs in a family (n, %) | ||
| Mother and father | 318 (53.7) | |
| Grandmother and grandfather | 137 (23.1) | |
| Other pairs | 137 (23.1) | |
| Relationship with children (n, %) | ||
| Mother | 391 (33.1) | |
| Father | 375 (31.8) | |
| Grandmother | 233 (19.7) | |
| Grandfather | 165 (14.0) | |
| Other adult relatives | 16 (1.4) |
Note: BMI, body mass index; 1 Mean ± SD.