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. 2021 Aug 10;13(8):556. doi: 10.3390/toxins13080556

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Horse immunization strategy and horse antiserum analysis. (A) Horse was prime immunized with r3FTXs on the first with Freund complete adjuvant via subcutaneous injection. Four weeks later after prime immunization, horse was boosted with the defined dosage of r3FTXs on the following six immunizations with Freund’ incomplete adjuvant at a 2-week interval. (B) The titers of specific antibody in horse serum after each immunization was examined by ELISA coated with either native LNTX, sNTX, CTX A3, or N. atra venom. Error bars stand for S.D. of each point. The horse serum collected at week 16 were analyzed for the neutralization titers.