Figure 7.

Intranasal AdCOVID vaccination elicits polyfunctional memory T cell populations in the lung 14 days after vaccination. CD-1 mice were given a single intranasal administration of vehicle (Ctrl) or 3.78 × 10⁸ ifu AdCOVID. Lung cells (n = 10 mice/vaccine, 3 mice/control) were isolated at day 14, re-stimulated with the RBD peptide pool for 5 h, and analyzed by flow cytometry to identify CD69⁺CD103⁺ resident memory T cells (Trm). Results are expressed as the percentage of IFN-γ⁺, TNF-α⁺, or double positive IFN-γ⁺/TNF-α⁺ expressing (A) CD8⁺ or (B) CD4⁺ Trm cells for individual mice. Different Y-axis scales are used across the graphics. Data are the mean response ± SD for the groups. Statistical analysis was performed with a Mann–Whitney test: * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01.