Figure 4.

Multiple sequence alignment of the three-finger toxins (3FTX) transcripts from the venom gland transcriptome of N. naja. The alignment of 3FTX transcripts based on subfamilies: short-chain, long-chain and non-conventional toxins. The 3FTX transcripts obtained in the current study were aligned and compared with the gene sequence from the transcriptome of N. naja specimens sourced from Kerala, India and Kentucky Reptile Zoo, USA. # indicates the gene sequences of 3FTX retrieved from [31]. The black bracket indicates the disulfide bridges located at the first, second and third loop of 3FTX, respectively. The additional bracket denotes the fifth disulfide bridge located at the first and second loops of NC-3FTX and L-3FTX, respectively. Dotted square box in the amino acid sequence of short α-neurotoxins and long α-neurotoxins highlights the critical region of amino acids that bind to nAChR [66].