Table 1.
Family of Rickettsiaceae, rickettsial diseases and distribution. The table gives an overview of so-far-identified members of the family of Rickettsiaceae. SFG: spotted fever group, TG: typhus group, SF: spotted fever.
| Genus | Group | Species | Disease | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rickettsia | SFG | R. rickettsii | Rocky Mountain SF | North America (Midwest and Southeastern U.S.), Central and South America (Mexico, Panama, Costa Rica, Brazil, Argentina, Colombia) |
| R. conorii ssp. conorii | Mediterranean SF | Europe (Mediterranean Basin), North Africa (Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco), multiple sub-Saharan countries | ||
| R. conorii ssp. indica | Indian tick typhus | Middle East, India | ||
| R. conorii ssp. israelensis | Israeli SF | Israel, North Africa (Tunisia) | ||
| R. conorii ssp. israelensis | Astrakhan fever | Astrakhan region, France | ||
| R. conorii ssp. caspia | Astrakhan fever | Africa (Chad) | ||
| 364D (R. phillipi) | Unnamed rickettsiosis | U.S. (southern California) | ||
| R. honei | Flinder’s Island SF/Thailand SF | Australia, Tasmania, Thailand | ||
| R. helvetica | Tick-bite fever | Europe (Denmark, Austria, France, Italy), Asia (Laos) | ||
| R. japonica | Japanese SF | Japan, detected in ticks in South Korea and Northern Thailand | ||
| R. heilongjiangensis | Far-Eastern SF | Northern China, Russia far east, Japan, Eastern Asia | ||
| R. parkeri | Maculatum infection/American boutonneuse fever/Tidewater SF | North and South America | ||
| R. africae | African tick-bite fever | Sub-Saharan Africa, Caribbean, West Indies | ||
| R. sibirica | Siberian tick typhus/North Asian tick typhus | Russia, China, Mongolia | ||
|
R. sibiria ssp. mongolotimonae |
Tickborne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA) | Southern Europe (France, Greece, Portugal, Spain), Asia, South Africa | ||
| R. massiliae | Mediterranean SF-like disease | Southern Europe, South America (Argentina) | ||
| R. monacensis | Tick-bite fever | Europe | ||
| R. slovaca | Tickborne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA)/Dermacentor-borne necrosis and lymphadenopathy (DEBONEL)/ scalp eschar and neck lymphadenopathy after tick bite (SENLAT) |
Europe (France, Slovakia, Italy, Germany, Hungary, Spain, Poland), Georgia, Russia | ||
| R. raoultii | Europe (France, Slovakia, Poland) | |||
| R. aeschlimannii | Tick-bite fever | North Africa (Tunisia, Morocco), South Africa | ||
| 364D (R. phillipi) | Unnamed rickettsiosis | Southern California | ||
| TG | R. prowazekii | Epidemic typhus | Worldwide, sporadic in Africa, Asia, Central and South America, Russia | |
| R. typhi | Endemic typhus/Murine typhus | Worldwide | ||
| transitional | R. felis | Cat-flea typhus | Probably worldwide | |
| R. akari | Rickettsialpox | Probably worldwide | ||
| R. australis | Queensland tick typhus | Australia, Tasmania | ||
| ancestral | R. bellii | |||
| R. canadensis | ||||
| Orientia | O. tsutsugamushi | Scrub typhus/tsutsugamushi fever | Asia, Northern Australia, serological evidence in sub-Saharan countries (Cameroon, Congo, Kenya) | |
| candidatus O. chuto | Scrub typhus/tsutsugamushi fever | Arabian Peninsula (Dubai), other areas in Middle East? | ||
| candidatus O. chiloensis | Scrub typhus/tsutsugamushi fever | Chile |