Table 1.
Overall and outcome-specific distribution of the covariates analyzed in the study protocol.
| Characteristic | Overall, N = 325 | Healthy Tissue (Controls), N = 162 | Hyperplastic Polyps (HP), N = 55 | Polyps/Adenoma (PA), N = 79 | Adenocarcinoma (ADK), N = 29 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospital, n (%) | |||||
| SU | 184 (57%) | 80 (49%) | 45 (82%) | 54 (68%) | 5 (17%) |
| RE | 141 (43%) | 82 (51%) | 10 (18%) | 25 (32%) | 24 (83%) |
| Sex, n (%) | |||||
| M | 162 (50%) | 66 (41%) | 34 (62%) | 46 (58%) | 16 (55%) |
| F | 163 (50%) | 96 (59%) | 21 (38%) | 33 (42%) | 13 (45%) |
| Age | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 60 (12) | 59 (12) | 60 (11) | 61 (12) | 64 (14) |
| Median (range) | 60 (22, 87) | 59 (22, 87) | 62 (29, 81) | 60 (36, 87) | 68 (34, 85) |
| BMI | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 25.4 (3.9) | 24.9 (4.1) | 26.1 (4.1) | 25.8 (3.4) | 25.9 (3.9) |
| Median (range) | 24.9 (13.8, 40.4) | 24.2 (13.8, 40.4) | 26.1 (16.4, 37.4) | 25.7 (19.7, 37.5) | 25.8 (19.4, 31.8) |
| Unknown | 6 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Alcohol consumption, n (%) | 76 (23%) | 35 (22%) | 20 (36%) | 16 (20%) | 5 (17%) |
| Wine consumption, n (%) | 165 (51%) | 75 (46%) | 31 (56%) | 45 (58%) | 14 (48%) |
| Unknown | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Physical activity n (%) | 129 (40%) | 65 (40%) | 24 (44%) | 32 (41%) | 8 (29%) |
| Unknown | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Non-drinker, n (%) | 52 (16%) | 30 (19%) | 3 (5.5%) | 10 (13%) | 9 (32%) |
| Unknown | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Diet, n (%) | |||||
| Mediterranean | 293 (92%) | 148 (93%) | 45 (82%) | 73 (99%) | 27 (93%) |
| Vegetarian | 15 (4.7%) | 8 (5.0%) | 5 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (6.9%) |
| Vegan | 1 (0.3%) | 1 (0.6%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Other | 8 (2.5%) | 2 (1.3%) | 5 (9.1%) | 1 (1.4%) | 0 (0%) |
| Unknown | 8 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Smoking, n (%) | |||||
| No | 153 (47%) | 80 (49%) | 18 (33%) | 43 (54%) | 12 (41%) |
| Yes | 68 (21%) | 30 (19%) | 19 (35%) | 15 (19%) | 4 (14%) |
| Ex | 104 (32%) | 52 (32%) | 18 (33%) | 21 (27%) | 13 (45%) |
| Previous removal of polyps, n (%) | |||||
| Malignant polyp | 50 (15%) | 30 (19%) | 5 (9.1%) | 11 (14%) | 4 (14%) |
| Benign polyp | 80 (25%) | 29 (18%) | 28 (51%) | 21 (27%) | 2 (7.1%) |
| No removal | 191 (59%) | 101 (63%) | 22 (40%) | 46 (59%) | 22 (79%) |
| Unknown | 4 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Biopsy site, n (%) | |||||
| Caecum | 25 (7.7%) | 5 (3.1%) | 4 (7.3%) | 14 (18%) | 2 (6.9%) |
| Ascending | 54 (17%) | 27 (17%) | 9 (16%) | 17 (22%) | 1 (3.4%) |
| Hepatic flexure | 5 (1.5%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.8%) | 4 (5.1%) | 0 (0%) |
| Transverse | 13 (4.0%) | 1 (0.6%) | 6 (11%) | 6 (7.6%) | 0 (0%) |
| Descending | 15 (4.6%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (3.6%) | 11 (14%) | 2 (6.9%) |
| Sigma | 174 (54%) | 120 (75%) | 22 (40%) | 21 (27%) | 11 (38%) |
| Colon nas | 1 (0.3%) | 1 (0.6%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Rectum | 37 (11%) | 7 (4.3%) | 11 (20%) | 6 (7.6%) | 13 (45%) |
| Unknown | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Polygenic Risk Score (PRS) | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 0.01 (1.00) | −0.10 (1.01) | −0.11 (0.95) | 0.20 (0.94) | 0.36 (1.15) |
| Median (range) | 0.03 (−2.92, 2.96) | −0.11 (−2.92, 2.96) | −0.20 (−1.94, 2.53) | 0.33 (−1.98, 2.37) | 0.43 (−1.70, 2.26) |
| Unknown | 52 | 17 | 11 | 17 | 7 |