Table 1.
Known human pathogens of the genus Phlebovirus and typical associations *.
| Type Species Common Name | Virus Strains ^ | Disease(s) | Vector/Mode of Transmission | Isolated From |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alenquer | Self-limiting fever ° | Unknown | Brazil | |
| Candiru | Candiru virus | Self-limiting fever | Unknown | Brazil |
| Morumbi virus | Self-limiting fever | Unknown | Brazil | |
| Serra Norte virus | Self-limiting fever | Unknown | Brazil | |
| Chagres | Self-limiting fever | Sandfly | Panama | |
| Cocle | Self-limiting fever | Sandfly | Panama | |
| Echarate | Self-limiting fever | Unknown | Peru | |
| Maldonado | Self-limiting fever | Unknown | Peru | |
| Punta Toro | Self-limiting fever | Sandfly | Panama | |
| Rift Valley fever | Fever, hemorrhagic fever, encephalitis, hepatitis * | Mosquito/aerosol | Africa | |
| Sandfly fever Naples | Sandfly fever Naples virus | Self-limiting fever | Sandfly | Europe, Africa, Asia |
| Granada virus | Self-limiting fever | Sandfly | Europe | |
| Toscana | Fever, aseptic meningitis | Sandfly | Mediterranean Europe and Africa | |
| Sandfly fever Sicilian | Sandfly fever Sicilian virus | Self-limiting fever | Sandfly | Europe, Africa, Asia |
| Sandfly fever Cyprus virus | Self-limiting fever | Sandfly | Mediterranean Europe | |
| Sandfly fever Turkey virus | Self-limiting fever | Sandfly | Turkey |
* Rift Valley fever virus is also a known veterinary pathogen that is associated with high rates of mortality and abortion in livestock. ^ Only strains that have been directly associated with human disease are listed. ° Commonly, but not exclusively, of 3 days duration and marked by fatigue, muscle and joint pain, headache, and nausea.